麦肯锡：欧洲的创新(英文 28 页)

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Contents

In brief 2

1. Europe’s innovation challenge and the need to change the rules of the game 3

The European economy needs a productivity boost from innovation

and diffusion of digital and new frontier technologies to support growth 4

While Europe still has considerable strengths, it is falling behind

in adopting and investing in general and digital innovation 6

The rise of global platforms and “superstars” drives the need

to change the rules of the game 10

2. Five ways in which Europe could scale its game 15

1. Europe can draw on its industrial strength to benefit from its scale

and the diffusion of technologies across supply chains 15

2. Europe can rethink data and user access and standards to level

the playing field, protect citizens’ data, and connect data pools 18

3. Europe can use its substantial public-sector procurement scale

to propel innovation of digital goods and services 19

4. Europe can try to compensate for fragmentation with openness

and connectedness, including by altering high-skill immigration flows

and connecting local ecosystems 20

5. Europe can leverage the scale of global firms to its benefit 22

Acknowledgments 24

Related MGI and McKinsey research 25